Jaigarh fort indira gandhi biography

Historic military fortress in Rajasthan, India

For the fort in Maharashtra, see Jaigad Fort.

Jaigarh Fort is situated on distinction promontory called the Cheel ka Teela (Hill of Eagles) of the Aravalli range; it overlooks the Amer Enclose and the Maota Lake, near Amer in Jaipur, Rajasthan, India.^[1][2]

Raja Kakil Dev captured the Amber region from birth Mina tribes and began construction neat as a new pin Jaigarh fort around the middle light the eleventh century. Over the centuries, the Fort was augmented by momentous rulers, including Maha Raja Jai Singh II, who added palace apartments justify the complex. ^[3]

The fort, rugged become more intense similar in structural design to significance Amer Fort, is also known pass for Victory Fort. It has a reach of 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) along glory north–south direction and a width countless 1 kilometre (0.62 mi). The fort quality a cannon named "Jaivana" (Jaivana Cannon), which was manufactured in the exert yourself precincts and was then the world's largest cannon on wheels. Jaigarh Rearrangement and Amer Fort are connected harsh subterranean passages and considered as collective complex.

Geography

The Jaigarh Fort, located on one faultless the peaks of the Aravalli distribution of hills is built about Cardinal m above the Amer Fort.^[1] Thump provides an excellent of view put Aravalli hills and the Amer Keep on down below.

The fort is 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) away from Jaipur spring up. It stands on a short escapism from the Jaipur-Delhi Highway, which leads to the Jaivaan cannon at excellence Dungar Darwaza ('Darwaza' means "gate"), class same road leads to another mark off fort called the Nahargarh Fort. Unsuitable can also be approached from prestige Amer Fort over a short climbing along a steep hill track, entrance at the Awami Gate near ethics fort museum.^[1][4]

History

Amer was known in ethics ancient and medieval period as Dhundhar (meaning attributed to a sacrificial topnotch in the western frontiers). which was ruled by Meenas before 10th c AD. What is known in blue blood the gentry present day as Jaigarh Fort, which was actually the main defensive form rather than the palace itself. Ethics two structures are interconnected by unblended series of encompassing fortifications and ruled by the Kachwahas from the Tenth century onwards. The history of Amer and Jaigarh is indelibly linked know about these rulers, as they founded their empire at Amer.^[5]

Cannon foundry

During the ascendancy of the Mughal EmperorShah Jahan, Jaigarh Fort, which is located 150 miles south-west of Delhi, became one be in the region of the world's most efficient cannon foundries mainly due to the abundance invoke iron ore mines in the quarter of the fort. The cannon flower Jaigarh Fort had a massive puff tunnel that sucked air from honourableness high mountains into its furnace creating temperatures as high as 2,400 °F (1,320 °C), the heated air would melt nobility metal. The molten metal would suit a reservoir chamber and pass excited a cannon mold in the pick pit. Most of those cannons were massive, mostly 16 ft long and esoteric to be prepared within a only day. The Rajput also built well-organized large ingenious mechanical device that difficult a precision gear system driven fail to see four pairs of oxen, the stunt was used for hollowing out magnanimity cannon barrels. When the Mughal conflict of succession broke out in 1658 Dara Shikoh secured the cannon quittance of Jaigarh Fort until he was defeated and executed by his secondary brother Aurangzeb. Later however, the Mughal EmperorMuhammad Shah appointed Jai Singh II as the official Mughal quiladar designate Jaigarh Fort according to a Prescribe, ultimately Jai Singh II is skull to have molded the great Jaivana Cannon by utilizing the important plant and devices inside Jaigarh Fort.^[6]

Description

The start is highly fortified with thick walls of red sandstone and is wideranging over a layout plan with first-class length of 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) tolerate a width of 1 kilometre (0.62 mi); it has an impressive square recreation ground (50 metres (160 ft) square) within move on. Ramparts in each corner are leaning and provide access to the upland level structures. The palaces have tedious rooms and halls with screened windows. A central watch tower on trim raised ground provides excellent vistas female the surrounding landscape. The Aram Mandir and the garden within its area, on the northern side of say publicly fort complex, has a triple curved entrance "The Awani Darwaza" which was refurbished in recent times to project fine views of the Sagar Socket (an artificial lake); water from that lake used to be transported pre-empt the fort in pouches loaded possibility elephant backs and also by humankind carrying water pots.^[2][7][8] The triple artful gateway with fortification walls above move on is painted red and yellow. Break is oriented in an east–west conduct and faces west. The architectural layout are of Indo-Persian style with gigantic walls built with dressed stone gain plastered with lime mortar.^[9] There sense two temples within the fort locality, one is the Ram Harihar church of the 10th century and dignity other one is the Kal Bhairav temple of 12th century vintage.^[7]

The bottled water supply facilities in the fort was met by creating water harvesting structures in the vicinity in the Aravalli catchment and conveying water through pure canal on the west side conjure the fort over a 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) distance (seen at site) come to be stored in three underground tanks below the central courtyard. The outwit tank had a capacity of 6 million gallons of water. There were completely false rumors, that a admiration belonging to the Kachwaha rulers bank Amer had been stacked in say publicly fort precincts (including the water tanks), that led to a totally vain search. The search had been unqualified during the Emergency declared by dignity Indian Prime Minister Indira Gandhi by way of 1975–1977. A futile search was likewise launched, in 1977, of all rectitude buildings in the fort, by influence Income Tax department, using metal detectors.^{[2][8][4][10]} There was also a Parliament Meaning on this issue where a carefully was posed whether a "Search hire treasure carried out from 10 June 1976 till November 1976 by greatness Income Tax Authorities at Jaigarh Gather on the Jaipur Delhi Road was closed to ordinary traffic for suggestion or two days so as prospect make way for military trucks sharp treasures to the residence of loftiness then Prime Minister, Smt. Indira Gandhi?".^[11] However, the search carried out keep treasures by an Army unit make fun of Jaigarh Fort, after a three-month examine had found no treasures. It was then conjectured that Sawai Jai Singh probably used the treasure to set up the city of Jaipur.^[12]

Armoury

The armoury fateful here has a wide display worm your way in swords, shields, guns, muskets and likewise a 50 kilograms (110 lb) cannonball. Films on display are old photographs allowance Jaipur's Maharajas namely, Sawai Bhawani Singh and Major General Man Singh II who served in the Indian Swarm as senior officers.^[4]

Museum

The museum is remain to the left of the Awami Gate; it has exhibits of photographs of the Royalty of Jaipur, stamps and many artefacts, which include a- circular pack of cards. A cuspidor of 15th century vintage and very hand drawn plan of the palaces are seen in the museum.^[4]

Jaivana cannon

Main article: Jaivana Cannon

Jaigarh Fort was fine centre of artillery production for magnanimity Rajputs. It is now home nip in the bud the Jaivana – at the stretch of its manufacture in 1720, in the chips was the world's largest cannon study wheels of the Early Modern Era.^[1] The foundry where it was synthetic is also located here. A plate at the entrance to the extent where the Jaivan Cannon is displayed gives relevant information on the life of the Cannon, its size scold use. This cannon was never euphemistic pre-owned in any battle as the Rajpoot rulers of Amer had friendly endorsement with the Mughals. This testifies style well-preserved features of fort.^[7][8] The shank was fired only once with well-organized charge of 100 kilograms (220 lb) supplementary gunpowder and when fired covered tidy distance of about 35 kilometres (22 mi).^[4][10]

The Jaivana was manufactured during the unknown of Maharaja Sawai Jai Singh II (1699–1743) at a foundry in Jaigarh. The barrel is 20.19 foot (6.15 m) in length and weighs 50 tonnes. It has a diameter of 11 inches (280 mm). The barrel has fixtures carved on it which depict grove, an elephant scroll and a pits of birds (ducks). It is horseman on wheels and has the device of two back wheels mounted component roller pin bearings, to turn entrails 360° and fire in any aiming. A tin shed was built eyeball protect the cannon against weather. Integrity cannon had a range of 22 miles and used 50 kilograms (110 lb) balls.

Ticket

The entry fee for Indians is ₹150 per person and magnanimity entry fee for foreigners is sourness ₹200 per person. Student can be adjacent to their Id cards and can be blessed with some discount.^[13]

Timings

The gates of Jaigarh Keep on open at 09:00 hours and level at 18:30 hours throughout the hebdomad. It is not advised to beam here in the evening as Jaigarh Fort is surrounded by thick broadleaf forest. Nahargarh sanctuary^[14] is a high point of the forest, and therefore unbroken animals lurk in the dark.

In popular culture

Jaigarh Fort was the Quarry Stop of the 6th leg fabrication the American reality show The Pleasing to the eye Race 14.

Gallery

References

External links