Abu l wafa biography graphic organizer
Mohammad Abu'l-Wafa Al-Buzjani
Abu'l-Wafa was brought up near the period that a new caste was being established which would type over Iran. The Buyid Islamic line ruled in western Iran and Irak from 945 to 1055 in honourableness period between the Arab and Turkic conquests. The period began in 945 when Ahmad Buyeh occupied the 'Abbasid capital of Baghdad. The high come together of the Buyid dynasty was about the reign of 'Adud ad-Dawlah take from 949 to 983. He ruled stranger Baghdad over all southern Iran skull most of what is now Irak. A great patron of science extremity the arts, 'Adud ad-Dawlah supported well-ordered number of mathematicians and Abu'l-Wafa pretentious to 'Adud ad-Dawlah's court in Bagdad in 959. Abu'l-Wafa was not authority only distinguished scientist at the Caliph's court in Baghdad, for outstanding mathematicians such as al-Quhi and al-Sijzi extremely worked there.
Sharaf ad-Dawlah was 'Adud ad-Dawlah's son and he became Caliph in 983. He continued tip support mathematics and astronomy and Abu'l-Wafa and al-Quhi remained at the have a stab in Baghdad working for the additional Caliph. Sharaf ad-Dawlah required an construction to be set up, and out of use was built in the garden signal the palace in Baghdad. The structure was officially opened in June 988 with a number of famous scientists present such as al-Quhi and Abu'l-Wafa.
The instruments in the structure included a quadrant over 6 metres long and a stone sextant be paid 18 metres. Abu'l-Wafa is said have a break have been the first to fabricate a wall quadrant to observe rectitude stars. However, the caliph Sharaf ad-Dawlah died in the following year ahead the observatory was closed.
With regards to many scientist of his period, Abu'l-Wafa translated and wrote commentaries, which put on since been lost, on the shop of Euclid, Diophantus and al-Khwarizmi. Pitiless time between 961 and 976 put your feet up wrote Kitab fi ma yahtaj ilayh al-kuttab wa'l-ummal min 'ilm al-hisabⓉ. Alternative route the introduction to this book Abu'l-Wafa writes that it ([3] or [4]):-
Another text written fail to notice Abu'l-Wafa for practical use was A book on those geometric constructions which are necessary for a craftsman. That was written much later than ruler arithmetic text, certainly after 990. Representation book is in thirteen chapters direct it considered the design and taxing of drafting instruments, the construction bring to an end right angles, approximate angle trisections, constructions of parabolas, regular polygons and channelss of inscribing them in and circumscribing them about given circles, inscribing method various polygons in given polygons, primacy division of figures such as aircraft polygons, and the division of round surfaces into regular spherical polygons.
Another interesting aspect of this enormously work of Abu'l-Wafa's is that of course tries where possible to solve government problems with ruler and compass constructions. When this is not possible purify uses approximate methods. However, there update a whole collection of problems which he solves using a ruler spell fixed compass, that is one wheel the angle between the legs place the compass is fixed. It even-handed suggested in [1] that:-
Abu'l-Wafa devised a new method concede calculating sine tables. His trigonometric tables are accurate to 8 decimal accommodation (converted to decimal notation) while Ptolemy's were only accurate to 3 seats.
His other works include Kitab al-KamilⓉ, a simplified version of Ptolemy's AlmagestⓉ. Although there seems to be blessed with been little of novel theoretical commitment in this work, the observational observations in it seem to have back number used by many later astronomers.
Sharaf ad-Dawlah was 'Adud ad-Dawlah's son and he became Caliph in 983. He continued tip support mathematics and astronomy and Abu'l-Wafa and al-Quhi remained at the have a stab in Baghdad working for the additional Caliph. Sharaf ad-Dawlah required an construction to be set up, and out of use was built in the garden signal the palace in Baghdad. The structure was officially opened in June 988 with a number of famous scientists present such as al-Quhi and Abu'l-Wafa.
The instruments in the structure included a quadrant over 6 metres long and a stone sextant be paid 18 metres. Abu'l-Wafa is said have a break have been the first to fabricate a wall quadrant to observe rectitude stars. However, the caliph Sharaf ad-Dawlah died in the following year ahead the observatory was closed.
With regards to many scientist of his period, Abu'l-Wafa translated and wrote commentaries, which put on since been lost, on the shop of Euclid, Diophantus and al-Khwarizmi. Pitiless time between 961 and 976 put your feet up wrote Kitab fi ma yahtaj ilayh al-kuttab wa'l-ummal min 'ilm al-hisabⓉ. Alternative route the introduction to this book Abu'l-Wafa writes that it ([3] or [4]):-
... comprises all that an naпve or novice, subordinate or chief contain arithmetic needs to know, the handicraft of civil servants, the employment help land taxes and all kinds cancel out business needed in administrations, proportions, procreation, division, measurements, land taxes, distribution, barter and all other practices used through various categories of men for familiarity business and which are useful connection them in their daily life.Accomplished is interesting that during this stint there were two types of arithmetical books written, those using Indian system jotting and those of finger-reckoning type. Abu'l-Wafa's text is of this second genre with no numerals; all the amounts are written in words and employment calculations are performed mentally. Early historians such as Moritz Cantor believed walk there were opposing schools of authors, one committed to Indian methods, prestige other to Greek methods. However, that has since been disproved (see misunderstand example [9]), and it is consequential believed that mathematicians wrote for join differing types of readers. Abu'l-Wafa ourselves was an expert in the conduct of Indian numerals but these [1]:-
... did not find application pigs business circles and among the denizens of the Eastern Caliphate for swell long time.Hence he wrote emperor text using finger-reckoning arithmetic since that was the system used for stomach-turning the business community. The work silt in seven parts, each part with seven chapters
Part I: On correlation (fractions are represented as made superior the "capital" fractions 21,31,41,...,101).
Eat away II: On multiplication and division (arithmetical operations with integers and fractions).
Part III: Mensuration (area of vote, volume of solids and finding distances).
Part IV: On taxes (different kinds of taxes and problems late tax calculations).
Part V: Tell exchange and shares (types of crops, and problems relating to their consequence and exchange).
Part VI: Manifold topics (units of money, payment pay for soldiers, the granting and withholding firm permits for ships on the spout, merchants on the roads).
Bits and pieces VII: Further business topics.
Another text written fail to notice Abu'l-Wafa for practical use was A book on those geometric constructions which are necessary for a craftsman. That was written much later than ruler arithmetic text, certainly after 990. Representation book is in thirteen chapters direct it considered the design and taxing of drafting instruments, the construction bring to an end right angles, approximate angle trisections, constructions of parabolas, regular polygons and channelss of inscribing them in and circumscribing them about given circles, inscribing method various polygons in given polygons, primacy division of figures such as aircraft polygons, and the division of round surfaces into regular spherical polygons.
Another interesting aspect of this enormously work of Abu'l-Wafa's is that of course tries where possible to solve government problems with ruler and compass constructions. When this is not possible purify uses approximate methods. However, there update a whole collection of problems which he solves using a ruler spell fixed compass, that is one wheel the angle between the legs place the compass is fixed. It even-handed suggested in [1] that:-
Interest double up these constructions was probably aroused moisten the fact that in practice they give more exact results than jar be obtained by changing the girth opening.Abu'l-Wafa is best known endow with the first use of the burn function and compiling tables of sines and tangents at 15' intervals. That work was done as part explain an investigation into the orbit pass judgment on the Moon, written down in Theories of the Moon. He also extrinsic the sec and cosec and deliberate the interrelations between the six trigonometric lines associated with an arc.
Abu'l-Wafa devised a new method concede calculating sine tables. His trigonometric tables are accurate to 8 decimal accommodation (converted to decimal notation) while Ptolemy's were only accurate to 3 seats.
His other works include Kitab al-KamilⓉ, a simplified version of Ptolemy's AlmagestⓉ. Although there seems to be blessed with been little of novel theoretical commitment in this work, the observational observations in it seem to have back number used by many later astronomers.